Le più belle rappresentazioni di guerrieri

[King John]

Bertolami Fine Arts - ACR Auctions > E-Auction 73	Auction date: 14 September 2019
Lot number: 900
Lot description: Hadrian (117-138). AR Denarius (18.5mm, 3.57g, 6h). Rome, 125-8. Laureate bust r., slight drapery. R/ Pudicitia, veiled, standing l. RIC II 176; RSC 392. Toned, near EF Starting Price: 95 GBP

ILLUSTRAZIONE: STATUA RAFFIGURANTE LA PUDICITIA, COPIA ROMANA DEL II SECOLO D.C. DI UN ORIGINALE GRECO DEL IV SECOLO A.C., MUSEO ARCHEOLOGICO DI ISTANBUL

 

[King John]

CGB.fr, Monnaie 21, lot 2147, 18/05/2004

  POSTUMIA(81 avant J.-C.)Aulus Postumius Albinus Denier serratus N° v21_2147   
Date : 81 AC.
Nom de l'atelier : Rome
Métal : argent
Diamètre : 21mm
Axe des coins : 10h.
Poids : 3,89g.
Degré de rareté : R1
Etat de conservation : SPL Prix de départ : 350 €  Estimation : 550 €   
Prix réalisé : 433 €  Nombres d'offres : 5   Offre maximum : 550 €   
Commentaires sur l'état de conservation : Exemplaire de qualité exceptionnelle pour ce type de monnayage avec un portrait de toute beauté sur un flan ovale, très large et complet des deux côtés. Patine de médaillier à reflets mordorés. Revers de haut relief. N° dans les ouvrages de référence : B.8 (Postumia) - BMC/RR.2839 (pl. 40/16 - CRR.746 (2) - RRC.372 /2 - RSC.8
Titulature avers : HISPAN.
Description avers : Tête voilée d’Hispania (l’Espagne) à droite, échevelée.
Traduction avers : “Hispania”, (l’Espagne).
Titulature revers : A. verticalement// POST. A. F. à l’exergue/ S. N. verticalement/ (AL)BIN.
Description revers : Romain debout à gauche, vêtu de la toge (adlocutio), entre une aigle légionnaire et un faisceau.
Traduction revers : “Aulus Postumius Auli Filius Spuri Nepos Albinus”, (Aulus Postumius fils d’Aulus Spurius petit-fils d’Albin). 
Commentaire à propos de cet exemplaire : Pour ce type, M. Crawford a relevé une estimation de 198 coins de droit et de 220 coins de revers. Ce type semble plus rare que ne le laissent paraître les ouvrages généraux.
Commentaires : La tête de l’Espagne rappelle peut-être la victoire de Lucius Postumius Albinus sur les Basques (Vaccaei) et les Lusitaniens (Lusitani) en 180-179 avant J.-C. quand il était préteur et pour laquelle il reçut le triomphe. Le revers pourrait rappeler le même évènement ou la levée de troupes pour sa campagne espagnole, voire être liée à l’ambassade que Lucius Postumius Albinus aurait menée auprès de Masinissa et des Carthaginois en 171 avant J.-C. en vue de l’expédition contre Persée dans le cadre de la guerre macédonienne. Notre denier a certainement inspiré le denier d’Hostilius Saserna, frappé en 48 avant J.-C. représentant la Gaule (RCV. 419). Le denier est serratus (dentelé) avant la frappe. L’une des raisons évoquées de la fabrication de ces pièces est d’empêcher la falsification ou de reconnaître plus facilement les deniers fourrés.
Historique : Aulus Postumius Albinus est le petit-fils de Spurius Postumius Albinus qui avait été consul en 110 avant J.-C. Il appartient au parti de Sylla. Ultérieurement, il sera placé à la tête de la Sicile en 49 avant J.-C. D'après E. Babelon, il est le père adoptif de Decimus Junius Brutus.

[King John]

Bertolami Fine Arts - ACR Auctions > E-Auction 73	Auction date: 14 September 2019
Lot number: 23
Lot description: Gaul, Southern. Volcae-Arecomici, c. 77-44 BC. Æ (14mm, 1.95g, 12h). Diademed head of Artemis r. R/ Togate male figure standing l.; palm to l. BMC 215-30. VF Roma Numismatics E-Sale 6, lot 2 Starting Price: 30 GBP

[King John]

Gerhard Hirsch Nachfolger > Auction 352	Auction date: 25 September 2019
Lot number: 2744
Lot description: RÖMISCHE MÜNZEN, RÖMISCHES KAISERREICH  AUGUSTUS. 27-14, Seleucis et Pieria, Antiochia.Tetradrachme. Belorbeerter Kopf r. Rs: Tyche von Antiochia sitzt r. mit Palmzweig, zu ihren Füßen schwimmt der Flußgott Orontes. Jahresangabe (27) und Monogramme. RPC 4152. 15.26g, Schöne Tönung. fast vzEx Sammlung A.W. vor 2013. Estimate: 400 EUR ILLUSTRAZIONE: RICOSTRUZIONE DELLE REALI FATTEZZE DI AUGUSTO

[King John]

Bertolami Fine Arts - ACR Auctions > E-Auction 73	Auction date: 14 September 2019
Lot number: 288
Sicily, Nakona, c. 3rd-2nd century BC. Æ (16mm, 2.39g, 12h). Laureate head of Poseidon l. R/ Warrior advancing r., holding spear and shield. CNS I, -; HGC 2, 958. Rare, green patina, near VF  Starting Price: 10 GBP

[King John]

Classical Numismatic Group > Electronic Auction 450	Auction date: 21 August 2019
Lot number: 148
IONIA, Magnesia ad Maeandrum. Circa 145-early 1st century BC. Æ (20mm, 9.46 g, 12h). Eukles and Ktratinos, magistrates. Helmeted head of Athena right / Warrior, holding spear, on horse leaping right; N to left, magistrate names below. Kinns, Didrachm 5; SNG Kayhan 429–31. Glossy dark green patina. Good VF. Ex Classical Numismatic Group 51 (15 September 1999), lot 418. Estimate: 100 USD

ILLUSTRAZIONE: Greek warrior by Astyanax-Scévola Bosio, 1852, Cirque d'Hiver (Winter Circus), rue Amelot Quartier de la Folie-Méricourt, 11e arrondissement, Paris, July 2012

[King John]

Classical Numismatic Group > Auction 112	Auction date: 11 September 2019
Lot number: 65
SICILY, Entella. Punic issues. Circa 320/15-300 BC. AR Tetradrachm (27mm, 16.91 g, 7h). Head of Arethousa left, wearing wreath of grain ears, triple-pendant earring, and pearl necklace; four dolphins swimming around / Head of horse left; palm tree to right, 'MMḤNT (in Punic) below. Jenkins, Punic 149 (O47/R134); CNP 267; BAR Issue 4; HGC 2, 284; SNG Ashmolean 1487 (same dies); SNG Lloyd 1631 (same obv. die); de Luynes 1458 (same obv. die). EF, toned, minor die break on reverse.  From the Antiquarium Group. Ex Gasvoda Collection; Berk BBS 179 (24 May 2012), lot 92; Classical Numismatic Group 58 (19 September 2001), lot 135. Estimate: 3000 USD ILLUSTRAZIONE: SOLDATO CARTAGINESE

[King John]

Classical Numismatic Group, Auction 93, lot 1401, 22/05/2013

Byzantine 
Isaac I Comnenus. 1057-1059. AV Histamenon Nomisma (25mm, 4.42 g, 6h). Constantinople mint. Christ Pantokrator enthroned facing / Isaac standing facing, wearing military attire and holding sword and sheath. DOC 2; SB 1843. EF.
From the Kelly J. Krizan, M.D. Collection.

[King John]

Bertolami Fine Arts - ACR Auctions > E-Auction 73	Auction date: 14 September 2019
Lot number: 90
Southern Apulia, Tarentum, c. 280-272 BC. AR Nomos (20mm, 6.11g, 7h). Time of Pyrrhos of Epiros. Warrior on horseback r., holding shield and spears, preparing to cast spear downward; EΥ behind, ΣΩΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ below. R/ Phalanthos on dolphin l., holding Nike and cornucopia; thunderbolt behind, ΠΟΛΥ before. Vlasto 713-9; HNItaly 1001. Porous, VF Starting Price: 40 GBP

[King John]

Nomos AG > obolos 13	Auction date: 2 July 2019
Lot number: 493 Price realized: 100 CHF   (Approx. 102 USD / 90 EUR)   Note: Prices do not include buyer's fees.
MACEDON. Koinon of Macedon. Time of Severus Alexander, 222-235. Triassarion (Bronze, 27 mm, 11.55 g, 7 h), Beroea. AΛEΞANΔ-POY Head of Alexander the Great to right, wearing crested helmet bearing an elaborate combat scene on the bowl: at the center, two cavalrymen riding in opposed directions; the cavalryman riding left and battles an enemy standing right; the rider on the right lances an enemy falling backwards to right. Rev. KOINON MAKEΔONΩN NEΩ Alexander, in military dress, with his cloak flowing out behind him and his right hand raised in salute, riding a horse walking to right. AMNG -. Cf. 446 (same obverse die) and 407 (same reverse die). Same dies as Nomos 16, 10 May 2018, lot 78. Very rare and with a most unusual decoration on the helmet. Good very fine. The battle group on Alexander's helmet is exceptional in its detail: despite the wear on this piece it is still likely to be the best preserved example known. Starting Price: 100 CHF ILLUSTRAZIONE: ALESSANDRO IL GRANDE INCITA LE SUE TRUPPE

[King John]

Numismatica Ars Classica NAC AG, Auction 78, lot 954, 26/05/2014

The Roman Empire 
Hadrian augustus, 117 – 138 
Aureus 134-138, AV 7.28 g. HADRIANVS – AVG COS III P P Bare head r. Rev. Hadrian advancing r., followed by three soldiers carrying standards; in exergue, DISCIPLINA AVG. C 540. BMC 602. RIC 232. Calicó 1251 (these dies). Very rare and in exceptional condition for this difficult and intriguing issue. A wonderful portrait struck in high relief and a finely detailed reverse composition. Minor marks, otherwise virtually as struck and almost Fdc This remarkable aureus of Hadrian, which celebrates ‘the discipline of the emperor,’ reveals an often underappreciated side of this emperor’s personality – a strong belief in disciplina militaris. Dio Cassius (68.9) and the author(s) of the Historia Augusta (Hadrian 10.2-11.1) both comment on Hadrian’s belief that the army should be run strictly, frugally and efficiently. The latter gives the impression that Hadrian was a stickler for details, and that he often scrutinised military documents. They further note that he led by example, sharing in the privations of the common soldier by eating the same food, by living simply when in their presence, and often by marching twenty miles per day in full armour to provide a good example. The Historia Augusta suggests he did this to imitate the behaviour of, among others, his adoptive father Trajan. Hadrian insisted that even when soldiers were not on actual service they participated in rigorous training drills, which he sometimes led personally. This paints a picture quite unlike the usual view of Hadrian as a thoroughly indulgent emperor who was distracted by the arts, toured his empire in high style, was infatuated with many aspects of Greek culture, and who spared no expense in the construction of his palatial Villa in Rome. The concept of discipline was well-suited to the lifestyle of Roman soldiers, who sometimes worshipped the minor divinity Disciplina. The archaeological record shows that Hadrian strongly promoted her virtues (which included frugality, sternness and faithfulness) among the legions in Britain and North Africa. Her cult must have been well-established among the soldiers stationed along Hadrian’s Wall, for the cavalry fort of Cilumum at the River Tyne was dedicated to the goddess. Hadrian’s successor, Antoninus Pius, also was attentive to these ideals, and he issued sestertii (RIC 604 and 769) which replicate this original composition of Hadrian.

[King John]

Pegasi Numismatics, Auction 21, lot 92, 24/11/2009

MACEDONIAN KINGDOM Pyrrhos, 295-272 BC. AE18 (4.33 gm). Macedonian shield, PYR monogram in center / Macedonian helmet within oak wreath. VF+. Rare issue struck in Macedonia. Ex Chapman Collection. [Est. $250]

ILLUSTRAZIONI: SOLDATI DI PIRRO

[King John]

Gorny & Mosch Giessener Münzhandlung > Auction 265	Auction date: 14 October 2019
Lot number: 103
Lot description: SIZILIEN. SOLUS. AE (4,52g). nach 241 v. Chr. Vs.: Büste des Poseidon mit geschultertem Dreizack n. r. Rs.: ΣΟΛΟΝΤΙΝΩΝ, nackter Krieger mit Helm, Schild und Speer n. l. CNS I S.313 Nr.23; HGC 1267. Ex Peus Nachf. Auktion 415, Frankfurt 2015, 56. R! Braungrüne Patina, Prägeschwächen, ss Estimate: 200 EUR

[King John]

Gorny & Mosch Giessener Münzhandlung > Auction 265	Auction date: 14 October 2019
Lot number: 94
Lot description: SIZILIEN. MORGANTINA. AE (8,00g). Spätes 2. / frühes 1. Jh. v. Chr. Vs.: C SIC/LIVN, jugendlicher männlicher Kopf n. r. Rs.: HISPANORVM, behelmter Krieger mit eingelegter Lanze n. r. Morgantina Studies Erim Nr.13; HGC 915,. Schöne hellgrüne Patina, vz Hinter den Hispani verbergen sich iberische Söldner, die den Römern in 2. punischen Krieg dienten. Estimate: 200 EUR

 

Modificato 26 Agosto, 2019 da King John

[King John]

Gorny & Mosch Giessener Münzhandlung > Online Auction 267	Auction date: 17 October 2019
Lot number: 3139
Lot description: THESSALIEN. KIERION. Obol (0,71g). ca. 400 - 344 v. Chr. Vs.: Pferd tänzelnd n. r. Rs.: ΚΙΕΡΙΕΙ-[ΩΝ], mit Schild und Schwert bewaffneter Krieger (Ajax?) n. r. BCD Thessalien (Nomos 4) 1074; HGC 4, 672. R! ss Estimate: 60 EUR

[King John]

Gorny & Mosch Giessener Münzhandlung > Auction 265	Auction date: 14 October 2019
Lot number: 1273
RÖMISCHE REPUBLIK NACH 211 V. CHR. Octavian, 37 v. Chr. Denar (3,73g). Mzst. mobil. Vs.: IMP CAESAR DIVI F IIIVIR ITER R P C, Kopf n. r. Rs.: COS ITER ET TER DESIG, von l. nach r. Simpulum, Aspergillum, Capis u. Lituus. Cr. 538/1; Syd. 1334. Gutes ss Estimate: 400 EUR ILLUSTRAZIONE: LA BATTAGLIA DI MUTINA DEL 21 A.C. La battaglia di Modena si svolse il 21 aprile 43 a.C. nel corso della cosiddetta guerra di Modena, tra le truppe fedeli al Senato dei consoli Gaio Vibio Pansa e Aulo Irzio, appoggiate dalle legioni di Cesare Ottaviano, e le legioni cesariane di Marco Antonio che stavano assediando dall'inverno le truppe del cesaricida Decimo Bruto bloccate dentro la città. La battaglia avvenne una settimana dopo la cruenta e incerta battaglia di Forum Gallorum terminata con pesanti perdite per entrambe le parti e il mortale ferimento del console Vibio Pansa. L'altro console Aulo Irzio e il giovane Cesare Ottaviano sferrarono un attacco diretto agli accampamenti di Marco Antonio con l'obiettivo di rompere il fronte d'accerchiamento intorno a Modena. Gli scontri furono molto accaniti e sanguinosi; le truppe repubblicane fecero irruzione negli accampamenti ma i veterani di Antonio contrattaccarono; il console Irzio venne ucciso nella mischia; Cesare Ottaviano intervenne personalmente e riuscì ad evitare la sconfitta, mentre anche Decimo Bruto partecipò ai combattimenti con una parte delle sue forze rinchiuse nella città. Dopo la battaglia, Marco Antonio decise di rinunciare all'assedio e ripiegò con abilità verso ovest lungo la via Emilia sfuggendo alle forze nemiche e ricongiungendosi con i rinforzi del luogotenente Publio Ventidio Basso. La battaglia del 21 aprile 43 a.C. concluse la breve guerra di Modena a favore dei repubblicani alleati con Ottaviano ma ben presto la situazione sarebbe completamente cambiata con la conclusione del secondo triumvirato tra Antonio, Ottaviano e Lepido (Wikipedia).

[gibi]

Ma che belle monete, che belle illustrazioni, cercherò di seguirla questa bella discussione che può insegnarmi tanto

[King John]

Roma Numismatics Ltd > Auction XVIII	Auction date: 29 September 2019
Lot number: 1121
Vespasian AR Denarius. 'Judaea Capta' issue. Antioch, AD 72-73. IMP CAES VESP AVG P M COS IIII, laureate head right / Palm tree; to left, Vespasian standing right with spear and parazonium, foot on helmet; to right, Judaea seated right. RIC 1558; BMCRE 510; Hendin 1490 corr. (obv. legend); RPC II 1930; RSC 645. 3.35g, 18mm, 6h. Near Extremely Fine.  From the Dr. Nicholas Lowe Collection; Purchased in May 2003 from Numismatica Ars Classica AG, Zurich. Estimate: 500 GBP

ILLUSTRAZIONE: UNA FASE DELLA PRIMA GUERRA GIUDAICA (66-70 D.C.)

Modificato 28 Agosto, 2019 da King John

[King John]

Numismatica Ars Classica > Auction 116	Auction date: 1 October 2019
Lot number: 119
Pherae Stater circa 369-358, AR 11.55 g. Facing head of Ennodia, three-quarters r., wearing pearl-diadem, grape-cluster earrings and necklace: in l. field, torch. Rev. Α – Λ – E – ΞΑ – Ν – ΔΡΟΥ Warrior on horseback galloping r., holding spear. Below the horse, double axe. Traité IV, 612. Jameson 1106 (this reverse die). BCD Thessaly I, 1309 (this coin). BCD Thessaly II, –. Extremely rare. An exquisite portrait of lovely style struck in high relief. Delightful light iridescent tone and extremely fine Ex Nomos sale 4, 2001, BCD, 1309. Pherae was one of the oldest cities of Thessaly situated in the region of Pelasgiotis. It's fame stretched back to the age of myth, when Herakles aided Admetos, the king of Pherai in rescuing his wife Alcestis from Hades. In a selfless act of love, Alcestis had volunteered to take the place of Admetos in death in order that her husband might live forever. Herakles, seeing what a grievous blow the loss of his wife was to Admetos and desiring to repay the past hospitality of the king of Pherai, undertook the dangerous journey to return Alcestis from the Underworld. In the fifth century B.C. Pherai was often allied with Athens, but as the Peloponnesian War (441-404 B.C.) drew to a close the government of the city was seized by a certain Lykophron, who established himself as tyrant (ca. 406-390 B.C.) and embarked on a series of struggles with Larissa for dominance in Thessaly. His successor, Jason of Pherai (390-370 B.C.), was powerful enough to influence the peace settlement between Thebes and Sparta following the Battle of Leuktra (371 B.C.) and his mercenary army was poised to exert Thessalian hegemony over all of mainland Greece when Jason was assassinated. The tyrants who followed lacked the gifts and vision of Jason, and Pherai, with the rest of Thessaly, ultimately fell under the domination of Philip II of Macedon. Although this stater was struck after the end of the great tyrants of Pherai and Thessalian independence, its types represent traditional deities of the city. The obverse depicts Ennodia, a specifically Pheraian deity. Ennodia, whose name literally means "by the roadside" was a terrifying goddess of the roadside and the dead, whose power was regularly invoked by witches and necromancers. The cult of Ennodia spread throughout Thessaly under Jason of Pherae until she was recognized as a national Thessalian deity as much as a local Pheraian one. Estimate: 75000 CHF

[King John]

Roma Numismatics Ltd > Auction XVIII	Auction date: 29 September 2019
Lot number: 639
Dynasts of Lykia, Perikles AR Stater. Circa 380-375 BC. Head of Perikles three-quarters facing, turned slightly to left, wearing laurel wreath and drapery around neck / Warrior, nude but for crested Corinthian helmet, in fighting attitude to right, holding sword aloft in right hand, shield on left arm; Π↑PEKΛ↑ (PERIKLE in Lycian) around, triskeles to lower right; all within shallow incuse square. Mildenberg, Mithrapata 27 (dies 16/22); Podalia 434–47 (A3/P10); cf. Falghera 215; SNG Copenhagen Supp. 478 var. (no star); SNG von Aulock 4253 (same dies). 9.79g, 23mm, 6h. Near Extremely Fine. Rare, and uncommonly well preserved for the issue, with a superbly detailed reverse. Acquired from Muizon Rieunier, Paris. Lykian Perikles, dubbed 'the other Pericles' by Bryce (Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, Bd. 29, H. 3, 1980) to distinguish him from his more famous Athenian namesake, was a native of the city of Limyra who eventually came to be sovereign of the whole of Lykia. Bryce speculates that Hellenistic influences seen in Lykian architectural and sculpture around this period suggest that Perikles' own name may have been an adopted one taken as an homage to the former Athenian general in an attempt to both distance himself from Persian influence in the area, and to present himself as just such a leader. Bryce uses this coin type as further evidence of Perikles' active move away from Persian influence during his rule; previous coinage of the dynasts of Lykia show a clearly satrapal-style portrait, where the dynasts often wear a bashlik or kyrbasia (see Roma XIV, lot 258 & 259), whereas this coin depicts a laureate head, facing three quarters with long wavy hair, providing an overall much more Hellenised effect, particularly given the contemporary vogue for such facing portraits, made popular by Kimon a couple of decades or so earlier. Estimate: 5000 GBP

[King John]

Roma Numismatics Ltd > Auction XVIII	Auction date: 29 September 2019
Lot number: 171
Celts in Eastern Europe AR Drachm. Verkehrter Lorbeerkranz Type. Circa 3rd century BC. Celticised, laureate and bearded head of Zeus to left / Warrior standing left, holding shield and sword; two dotted circles, one within the other, before warrior. Cf. Göbl, OTA pl. 29, 346/1 var.; Lanz 676 (this coin). 3.31g, 17mm, 6h.  Near Extremely Fine. Extremely Rare, no other examples on CoinArchives. From the Hermann Lanz Collection; this coin published in M. Kostial, Kelten im Osten - Gold und Silber der Kelten in Mittel- und Osteuropa - Sammlung Lanz (Staatlichen Münzsammlung München, 1997); Ex Aufhäuser, Auction 2, 21 October 1985, lot 5. Estimate: 500 GBP

[King John]

Gorny & Mosch Giessener Münzhandlung > Auction 265	Auction date: 14 October 2019
Lot number: 1331
RÖMISCHE KAISERZEIT. Vespasian, 69 - 79 n. Chr. AE As (8,33g). 71 n. Chr. Mzst. Rom. Vs.: IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG COS III, Kopf mit Lorbeerkranz n.r. Rs.: S-C, Aquila zwischen Standarten, alle auf Proren. RIC 320; C. 500; BMC 613; BN 591. Grüne Patina, ss Ex Sammlung Shlomo Moussaieff, London. Erworben zwischen 1948 und 1980er Jahre. Estimate: 200 EUR ILLUSTRAZIONE: L'ASSEDIO POSTO DA VESPASIANO A JOTAPATA DURANTE LA PRIMA GUERRA GIUDAICA

[King John]

Numismatica Ars Classica > Auction 116	Auction date: 1 October 2019
Lot number: 97
Lot description: Homolius Dichalkous circa 350, Æ 6.48 g. Bearded head of Philoktetes r., wearing pileus. Rev. ΟΜΟΛ[Ι]-ΚΟΝ Coiled snake r. Roger 262. SNG Copenhagen 71. BCD Thessaly I, 1065 (this coin). BCD Thessaly II, 92 (these dies). Rare and in exceptional condition for the issue. Lovely dark brown patina, obverse slightly off-centre, otherwise extremely fine Ex Nomos sale 4, 2011, BCD, 1065. Estimate: 750 CHF

[King John]

Roma Numismatics Ltd > Auction XVII Auction date: 28 March 2019 Lot number: 685 Price realized: 18,000 GBP   (Approx. 23,747 USD / 21,106 EUR)   Note: Prices do not include buyer's fees.   Julius Caesar AR Denarius. Rome, January-February 44 BC. Lifetime issue. P. Sepullius Macer, moneyer. CAESAR DICT PERPETVO, wreathed head of Caesar right / P•SEPVLLIVS MACER, Venus standing left, holding Victory, and sceptre resting on star. Crawford 480/11; RSC Sepullia 4; CRI 107b. 3.67g, 21mm, 10h. Extremely Fine; a minute scratch beneath the portrait and some minor areas of weakness. A superb portrait of Caesar, of fine style and centrally struck. Acquired from Leu Numismatik AG;  Ex Yves Gunzenreiner Collection, and reportedly from a French collection of the early 20th century. In the years of his supremacy, Caesar had amassed unprecedented power by corrupting the institutions of the old Republic to his own requirements. First appointed Dictator in 49 BC by the Praetor (and future Triumvir) Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, possibly in order to preside over elections, Caesar resigned his Dictatorship within eleven days but in 48 BC he was appointed Dictator again, only this time for an indefinite period, and was also given permanent tribunician powers making his person sacrosanct and allowing him to veto the Senate. In 46 BC he was appointed Dictator for ten years, and he gave himself quasi-censorial powers under the mantle of 'Prefect of the Morals', enabling him to fill the Senate with his partisans who duly voted him the titles of Pater Patriae and Imperator. He increased the number of magistrates who were elected each year, thus allowing him to reward his supporters, and in October 45 BC, having served in the unconstitutional role of Sole Consul for that year, Caesar resigned his consulship and facilitated the election of two successors for the remainder of the year - theoretically restoring the ordinary consulship, but in practice submitting the Consuls to the Dictatorial executive - a practice that later become common under the Empire. In February 44 BC, one month before his assassination, Caesar was appointed Dictator for life.  More followed; he was given the unprecedented honour of having his own likeness placed upon the Roman coinage, his statue was placed next to those of the kings, he was granted a golden chair in the Senate, and was permitted to wear triumphal dress whenever he chose. Then, at the festival of the Lupercal, Marc Antony presented Caesar with a royal diadem, and attempted to place it on his head. Yet for all these hideous affronts to the ancient institutions of the Republic and the sensibilities of the Roman people, perhaps his most egregious reform was the law he passed in preparation for his planned campaign against the Parthian Empire. Realising that his absence from Rome would impede his ability to install his own men in positions of power and that therefore his back would be exposed while away from the city, Caesar decreed that he would have the right to appoint all magistrates in 43 BC, and all consuls and tribunes in 42 BC, thus at a stroke transforming the magistrates from being representatives of the people to being representatives of the dictator.  The obverse of this coin presents a bold portrait of the dictator in the final months of his life, wearing the corona civica Caesar had won while serving in the army of M. Minucius Thermus at the Siege of Mytilene in 81 BC. Estimate: 20000 GBP ILLUSTRAZIONE: LA BATTAGLIA DI ALESIA IN UN FUMETTO STORICO

 

 

Modificato 1 Settembre, 2019 da King John

[King John]

Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG > Auction 326	Auction date: 7 October 2019
Lot number: 869
Lot description: CARIA. KALYMNA. AR-Didrachme, 260/202 v. Chr.; 6,55 g. Kopf eines Kriegers r. mit attischem Helm//In Perlquadrat: Kithara. Höghammar Typ 2. R Herrliche Patina, sehr schön Exemplar der Auktion Fritz Rudolf Künker 124, Osnabrück 2007, Nr. 8013; der Auktion UBS 64, Basel 2006, Nr. 81; der Auktion Bankhaus Aufhäuser 16, München 2001, Nr. 151; der Auktion Auctiones AG 26, Basel 1996, Nr. 236 und der Auktion Auctiones AG 7, Basel 1977, Nr. 271. Estimate: 300 EUR